A field experiment involving three improved hot pepper capsicum spps. Ethiopia has doubled its maize productivity and production in less than two decades. Second stage larvae will then molt 3 times to become adult male or female. Tomato production in ethiopia as well as in amhara region is negligible because of lack of. Ethiopian pepper is an agricultural product grown in more than 20 african countries spanning from ethiopia to sierra leone. Summary of essp ii working paper 16, crop production in ethiopia. Foreword this publication is a joint effort of the seven disciplines that comprise the georgia vegetable team. Production of processed fruits and vegetables such as tomato paste, fruit juices for the domestic.
The history of spices in ethiopia is an ancient one and spices remain as basic food items of the ethiopian people. The total area devoted to hot pepper worldwide is estimated at four million hectare with an average annual increase of 5% weiss, 2002. Ethiopia angola turkmenistan 0 10 20 percent countries with highest values. The national production of green and dry hot pepper was 2,541,883. The share of the region in the total production of red pepper in the. Current status, potentials and challenges of cassava. Adaptation trail of different improved hot pepper capsicum.
Ethiopia is the homeland for many spices, for example korarima, long pepper, black cumin, bishops weed and coriander. The petition requests to add nonorganic ethiopian pepper to the national list. The annual agricultural reports of ethiopia 19571960 and 1969 show that, the production of green pepper increased greatly from 99 tons in 1957 to 8, 482 tons in 1968 table20. An overview of horticultural crops with emphasis on. Technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in red pepper production in north gondar zone amhara regional state, ethiopia. Evaluation of hot pepper varieties capsicum species for growth. Ethiopia as an ancient country has its own unique tastes and cultural inclinations. As others ethiopia also cultivates pepper but its share in the world is insignificant as compared to india that produced 4 million metric tons from 891,800 ha in 1992, ethiopias production in 200102 was only 77,962. Pdf in order to identify the performance of hot pepper capsicum annum l. A gender perspective almaz giziew dr workneh negatu dr edilegnaw wale dr gezahegn ayele abstract.
Chilli peppers grow on a wide range of soils but thrive best in sandy loams with lots of organic matter. Select welldrained land with a gentle slope and soils with a ph of 5. Ethiopians have strong attachment to red pepper, which has high value principally for its high pungency. Hot pepper seed and crop production in the bahamas.
Ethiopia is located in the north eastern part of the african continent or what is known as the horn of africa. Sheka and bench maji zones are well known for their diverse and suitable agroecology for the production of high value horticultural crops such as coffee, spices and tea. Ethiopia alaba and the mareko are potential producers of pepper in ethiopia. Performance evaluation of hot pepper capsicum annum l. Almost all the food and drinks taken by ethiopians in their daily routine consists of one or more spices, herbs, etc. The total production of pepper in the country for the year 202014 ethiopian main cropping season meher was estimated at 2. University of florida, institute of food and agricultural sciences extension outreach is a partnership between state, federal, and county governments to provide scientific knowledge and expertise to the public. Pesticide applicators tests are usually administered at county extension offices, so you should contact your local office for dates and times of these examinations. Prepared by the fao project tcpbha2802 in cooperation with the ministry of agriculture, fisheries and local government of the bahamas. Technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in red pepper. The annual agricultural reports of ethiopia 19571960 and 1969 show that, the production of green pepper increased greatly from 99 tons in 1957 to 8, 482 tons in 1968 table. Elongated anaheim, fresh and processing market appeal, mid hot, high production potential, prolonged harvest, uniform fruit.
Horticultural crop production, budgeting and marketing unit 1. The content of the manual can be interpreted as a guide and may require adaptations or modification to. The average land covering by spices is approximately 222,700 ha and the production 244,000 tonannum. Growth and productivity of hot pepper capsicum annuum l. In ethiopia, the number of fruits and vegetables processing industries is limited. This study assesses the financial feasibility and risk bearing ability of black pepper production. Cost benefit analysis of black pepper production in ethiopia. Tomato and onion production play an important role in improving households income, nutrition and food security. Trade in caribbean hot pepper and hot pepper products hot pepper is an important nontraditional crop in the caribbean where it is utilised domestically in fresh and processed forms.
The influence of environmental parameters on growth rate, fresh yield, and irrigation performance of color sweet pepper capsicum annuum var annuum cv. Hot pepper products are traded extensively both on the domestic and export markets. Value added in agriculture as share of gdp 0 5 10 15 2000 2005 2010 percent africa asia europe latin america and the caribbean oceania 6. Despite enormous uses of pepper as vegetable and spice, medicine, ornamental, and extensive pepper production practiced in amhara region in particular and in ethiopia in general, the production system. Hot pepper is a warm season vegetable, but can be grown under a wide range of temperatures 15c 32c and moisture conditions. National organic standards board handling subcommittee. Factsheet spices ethiopia netherlandsafrican business council. Answers to the following questions are critical to the planning process. Food and agriculture organization of the united nations rome, 2004. In ethiopia mango is produced mainly inwest and east of oromia, snnpr, benishangul and amhara desta, 2005. Manage total area covered with pepper and total production in years 20052008 were. Hot pepper production and marketing in southwest ethiopia.
Omo nada is one of the 180 woredas in the oromia region of ethiopia. One that stands out is the ethiopians love of spices. Growth and yielding potential of hot pepper varieties under. Pdf cost benefit analysis of black pepper production in. Enhancement of cassava production in ethiopia through. The study starts with an overview of production and trade patterns in these subsectors in ethiopia over the past decade in section 2, followed by an overview of global market trends. Ethiopian spices, herbs, roots, oilseeds in english. For most species of nematodes, as many as 50100 eggs are produced per female, while in. Hot pepper production manual for trinidad and tobago.
In ethiopia, the total area under hot pepper for dry pod berbere and for green pepper karia in 2008 was estimated to be 8580. Besides, processed fruits and vegetables are sources of foreign exchange earnings. Vallad botany and planting bell pepper capsicum annuum, solanaceae. Rain fed production at woreta, northwestern ethiopia. Globally, pepper production exceeds 14 million metric tons. Since the larger proportion of the pepper produced is for the market, it takes a significant share of the national income from commodity export. Varieties commonly produced the following varieties are widely grown in this country. Maize became increasingly important in the food security of ethiopia following the major drought and famine that occurred in 1984.
The past history of pepper in ethiopia is possibly the most earliest than any other vegetable product 4. To improve this problem, integration of modern technologies with improved level of efficiency becomes more crucial. Pdf on mar 1, 2012, zekarias shumeta and others published hot pepper production and marketing in southwest ethiopia. In ethiopia, pepper is consumed in different forms and it. Major pests are aphids, termites, broad mites and thrips. This will help the farmer to decide on the variety and the size of planting. Pdf hot pepper production and marketing in southwest ethiopia. A nine year 20082016, cost and return data was collected from largescale commercial farms. Mango production in ethiopia is in fluctuated conditions, because of occurrence of diseases, lack of proper management and also weather conditions csa, 2009. The economic performance measures such as, net present.
Growth and yielding potential of hot pepper varieties. Ethiopia is the homeland for many spices, for example korarima, long pepper. In addition, the history of pepper in ethiopia is perhaps the most ancient than the history of any other vegetable products eepa ethiopian export. In chilli production, avoid or sterilise soils previously planted with tomato, garden eggs, okra or papaya within the last four years. According to the world bank, between 1980 and 1987, agricultural production dropped at an annual rate of 2. The pepper mash training was also complemented with information on good field practices, since quality begins on the farm. It is comprised of 14 topics on pepper, including history of pepper production, cultural practices, pest management, harvesting, handling and marketing. The bulk of pepper produced in the united states is sweet pepper, but hot peppers dominate in other countries. Fao statistical pocketbook 2015 food and agriculture organization of the united nations, rome, 2015. Production of spices in ethiopia statistics on the production of spices is very difficult to come by in ethiopia as the commodities are not part of the national agricultural crop survey, except for pepper and chilies. On average 72% of pepper production is for market in snnprs csa 6. Poor fruit set and blossom drop can be expected when night temperatures drop below 60f or day temperatures rise above 85f. Vincent and the grenadines in a sustainable manner conducive to the principles of good agricultural practices gaps.
Hot pepper production manual for trinidad and tobago 3 planning production the first step in planning production is to find out what kind of hot pepper is wanted by the buyers and in what quantities. California is the leading producer of sweet peppers in the united states. Nov 19, 2015 chilli plants may be staked to prevent lodging, particularly when they have a heavy load of fruits. Regional patterns and trends ethiopia strategy support program essp ii research note 11 ethiopias crop agriculture is. Earlier study by the ethiopian export promotion agency of the ministry of trade and industry 2003 indicated. May occur in the field or develop as a postharvest decay of pepper fruits. Cost for 1 acre of hot pepper production the cost of production for 1 acre of hot peppers is based on the feasibility study done with the following assumptions. According to csa 2008, the estimated production of red peppers at the national level, in the amhara region and west gojjam zone was 122,399. Therefore, this study tries to fill the gap by investigating efficiency variations and factors affecting technical efficiency of red pepper production in north gondar zone amhara regional state, ethiopia. Cultural management of the crop will also influence what diseases may develop. Report of the bank of ethiopia 1962 mentioned that there was great increase in green pepper production in the previous years due to high demand for export.
Pdf technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in red. Tomatoes allowed to spread on the ground will develop more soil rot problems, while fruit on staked or. Although its first introduction in to the country is not yet known, the crop had been growing in south, south west and western part of ethiopia for. Pdf performance evaluation of hot pepper capsicum annum l. Historically, hot peppers were grown in the region primarily for domestic consumption. Capsicum has been known since the beginning of civilization. Ethiopias spices have a sort of mysterious nature about them, as they are not commonly. Commercial pepper production handbook horticulture. Despite its importance, the productivity of these crops is. Currently, there are only 5 fruits and vegetables processing plants in the country. In 202014 production year the total cultivated land and production in the region was 61,069 hectare and 1, 580,066 quintal respectively csa 6. These crops are susceptible to many of the same diseases. Ethiopian spices, herbs, roots, oilseeds in englishamharic. In early 1980, yellow scotch bonnet pepper became an important.
An overview of horticultural crops with emphasis on vegetables production in ethiopia a country report. Tomato lycopersicon esculentum mill is the most important and versatile vegetable crop in ethiopia. More information is needed about the supply of the pepper and the production methods used in the various supply chains to make an affirmative determination of compatibility. The fine powdered pungent product is an indispensable flavoring and coloring ingredient in the common. Throughout asia and in parts of latin america, expanding seed. More than 47 thousand hectares of land is under fruit crops in ethiopia. In ethiopia hot pepper production for dry pod has been low with a national average yield of 0. This guide therefore targets the production of hot pepper in st. Good production practices demonstrate that the hot pepper. The past history of pepper in ethiopia is possibly the most earliest than any other vegetable product. The information provided in this manual is intended to give a basic scientific approach for hot pepper production utilizing integrated pest management methods where practicable.
Ethiopia angola turkmenistan 0 10 20 percent countries with highest values countries with lowest values chart 8. Nematode management in tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant. This is very important in chilli production to avoid losses in fruits. Hot pepper is the leading vegetable crop produced in the ethiopia. Growing pepper in nigeria peppers are used in stew and some local dishes all over the country although the types and quantities utilized vary in different areas. Meeting the challenge of the tomato leafminer by endale gebre an overview of horticultural crops with emphasis on vegetables production in ethiopia. Fao statistical pocketbook 2015 world food and agriculture. This study was made from september 2010 to june 2011 in omo nada and gojeb area which are widely known for their large volume hot pepper production in southwest ethiopia. Part of the jimma zone, omo nada is bordered on the south by the gojeb river which separates it from.
More than 9 million smallholder households, more than for any other crop in the country, grow maize in ethiopia at present. Many of the pesticides required for pepper production are restricteduse pesticides and require a pesticide license to purchase. As an app partner, cardi shared information with hot pepper producers and extension officers on crop fertility and management of hot pepper production under climatic conditions in antigua and barbuda. Earlier study by the ethiopian export promotion agency of the ministry of. Nematode management in tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant 2 other species like rootknot, young larval stages will invade root tissue, establishing permanent feeding sites within the root.
Ethiopia is located in the north eastern part of the african continent or what is known as the. Amhara region making agriculture nutritionsensitive. Factors that transformed maize productivity in ethiopia. In ethiopia, red pepper is cultivated in many parts of the country and it is an important source of income for smallholder producers. Part of the jimma zone, omo nada is bordered on the south by the gojeb river which separates it. The hot pepper varieties included in the field experiment were three improved mareko fana, melka shote, melka. Ethiopia is a homeland for many spices and grows more than 14 types of spices, such as pepper green, red and black, paprika, turmeric, fenugreek, garlic, korarima, coriander, ginger, cardamom, black cumin, white cumin, and basil girma et al.